Résumé
Vehicle exhaust has been important source of atmospheric pollution in China. In terms of the environmental effects of vehicle emission control policies (VECPs), changes in air pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions are receiving increasing attention. Hubei has implemented many traffic controls to accelerate pollution abatement. However, few studies have reported how they would affect pollutant emissions in Hubei in the future, as most concentrate on assessments during COVID-19. Further, there has been little research on whether these controls bring observable health benefits. Thus, this study comprehensively evaluates the emission of major air pollutants (including NOx, CO, VOCs, PM2.5, PM10, and PMTSP) and GHGs (CO2, CH4, and N2O) from the transportation sector concerning different VECPs in Hubei during 2015–2050, together with health outcomes. It highlights that individual VECPs contribute differently to environmental and health benefits, encouraging innovation in mechanisms and technologies to mitigate atmospheric pollution while generating health benefits.